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dfcf]jfbLsf] ljjfb ;8sdf 5tf5'Nn

sf7df8f}+ . ;/sf/ u7g;Fu} dfcf]jfbLleq b]vfk/]sf] cGt/åGånfO{ dfcf]jfbLs} Ps jl/i7 g]tfn] lxhf] /fhwfgLsf] ;8sdf kbf{kmf; u/]sf 5g\ . dfcf]jfbL, dw]; /fHo OGrfh{ Pj+ s]Gb|Lo ;lrjfno ;b:o 6f]kaxfb'/ /fodfemLn] kf6L{leqsf] cGt/åGånfO{ kbf{kmf; u/]sf x'g\ .

lxhf] /fhwfgLdf cfof]lht sfo{qmddf af]Nb} g]tf /fodfemLn] ljutdf ;+;f]wgafbL b/af/k/:t / ef/tk/:t ePsf] cf/f]k nufpg] / nf]stflGqs u0ftGqdf hfg gx'g] ts{ /fVg] cfkm\g} kf6L{sf g]tfx¿ clxn] ;/sf/df hfg dl/xQ] u/]sf] atfpFb} kf6L{leqsf] cGt/åGånfO{ kbf{kmf; u/]sf x'g\ .

8f= afa'/fd e§/fO{sf lgs6 dflgg] g]tf /fodfemLn] lxhf] Pp6f ts{ lems]/ ;fj{hlgs ¿kdf kf6L{sf] gLltlj?4 af]Ng] g]tfx¿ g} cfh ;/sf/sf] xflnd'xfnL ug{ k'u]sf] pNn]v u/]sf 5g\ . df]xg j}B kIfw/nfO{ ;+s]t ub}{ pgn] kf6L{leqs} unt dg;fo af]s]sf g]tfx¿sf sf/0f abgfdL a]xf]g'{k/]sf] u'gf;f];d]t u/] . kl5Nnf]k6s e§/fO{ / j}B ;d"xaLr r/d j}rfl/s cGt/;+3if{ ;'? ePsf] 5 . e§/fO{ /fodfemLnfO{ dGqL agfpg 7"nf] hf]8 an u/]sf] eP klg c;kmn ePsf sf/0f e§/fO{ kIfw/ ;/sf/ u7gk|lt c;Gt'i6 x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 . kf6L{leqsf] zlQm ;Gt'ngsf lglDt afa'/fd e§/fO{ kIfw/ / df]xg j}B kIfw/af6 cfwfcfwf g]tfnfO{ dGqL agfpg] ;'emfj lbOPsf] eP klg j}B kIfw/sf] bafadf kf6L{ cWoIf;d]t /x]sf k|wfgdGqL k'iksdn bfxfnn] j}B kIfw/nfO{ alnof] agfpg w]/} dGqL agfPsf 5g\ . j}B kIfw/sf w]/} dGqL x'g'sf ;fy} dof{bfqmddf ;d]t e§/fO{nfO{ k5fl8 kfl/Pkl5 pgsf] ;d"x g]t[Tjk|lt ?i6 x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 . ;/sf/ u7gkl5 ;fj{hlgs cfqmf]z JoQm u/]sf /fodfemLsf] of] cleJolQmn] kf6L{leq xnrn pTkGg u/fPsf] 5 . ;ef;b\;d]t /x]sf /fodfemLdfly oxL lgx'Fdf j}B kIfw/n] s}+rL rnfpg ;Sg] ;Defjgf klg plQs} /x]sf] 5 .

o;}aLr, Pdfn] g]tf Pj+ k"j{dGqL /3' kGtn] jt{dfg ;/sf/nfO{ sf+u|];sf sf/0fn] vt/f geO{ :jod\ k|wfgdGqL / k|wfgdGqLn] g]t[Tj u/]sf] kf6L{sf sf/0f vt/f x'g] ;Defjgf /x]sf] atfPsf 5g\ . pgn] ljutdf ePsf ;xdlt, ;Demf}tfx¿ sfof{Gjog gePsf, cem} klg JolQmut ;DklQ / ;fj{hlgs hUuf dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{åf/f cltqmd0f x'g] qmd hf/L /x]sf], sfg'gnfO{ xftdf lng] / c:jfefljs bafa lbg] qmd a9\b} uPsf] pNn]v ub}{ o:tf] sfo{ hf/L/x]sf] v08df dfcf]jfbL;Fusf] ;xsfo{ tf]l8g] / To;}sf sf/0f ;/sf/ 9Ng ;Sg] g]tf kGtsf] syg lyof] .

;DkfbsLo

xr'jfsf e/df uf]vf{ etL{ g/f]s

z'qmaf/ a;]sf] ;Qf?9 g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ dfcf]jfbLsf] s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] a}7sdf uf]vf{ etL{ /f]Sg'kg]{ ljifodf hf]8bf/sf ;fy cfjfh p7fOPsf] 5 .

o;cl3 klg dfcf]jfbLleqaf6 p7\g] u/]sf] pQm d'2f dfcf]jfbL cWoIf ;d]t /x]sf k|wfgdGqL k'iksdn bfxfnsf] ef/t e|d0fsf] k"j{ ;GWofdf dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|Lo ;b:on] ljifosf] p7fg u/]sf 5g\ . oBlk, o; ljifodf ;/sf/ tyf :jod\ dfcf]jfbLsf] cflwsfl/s wf/0ff ;fj{hlgs eO;s]sf] 5}g . t/ k|wfgdGqLsf] ef/t e|d0fsf] k"j{;GWofdf p7]sf] o; cfjfhn] ;/f]sf/ kIfnfO{ eg] uDeL/ agfPsf] 5 .

ef/t, a]nfot, l;+ufk'/nufotsf b]zdf ToxfF /fli6«o ;]gfb]lv k|x/L;Dddf g]kfnLx? etL{ ePsf 5g\ . To:tf lgsfodf etL{ x'g g]kfnL o'jfsf lglDt cfsif{s /f]huf/Lsf] uGtJo ;d]t ePsf] 5 . clxn] klg xhf/f}+ dflg; ef/tLo, a]nfotL ;]gfdf sfo{/t 5g\ eg] nfvf}+ lgj[lQe/0f eO{ k]G;g a'em\b} cfPsf 5g\ . of] cj:yfdf dfcf]jfbLn] uf]vf{ etL{ nHhfhgs ePsf] pNn]v ub}{ /f]Sg'kg]{ cfjfh p7fPsf] 5 .

lgZro klg 3/df g} cfDbfgL x'g] eP :jb]zdf g} /f]huf/L kfOg] eP s;}n] klg ljb]zL e"lddf uP/ cfkm\gf] /ut / kl;gf aufpg rfxFb}gg\ .

afWotfj; uf]vf{ etL{b]lv vf8Lsf d?e"lddf g]kfnL o'jfsf] /ut / kl;gf au]sf] 5 . s'g} klg ljifodfly lg0f{o ug'{eGbf klxn] To;sf] cefjsf af/]df ljZn]if0f ug{ h?/L 5 . clxn] /fi6«jfbL ;f]rsf sf/0f o:tf cfjfhx? p7]sf xf]nfg\ . t/, pgLx?n] of] s'/fnfO{ lj;{g' x'Fb}g .

…ef]sf k]6n] /fi6«jfbLsf] gf/f nufP/ s] kmfObfÚ klxn] :jb]zdf g} /f]huf/L / cfDbfgLsf] af6f] vf]n clg dfq o:tf s'/f u/, vf]qmf /fi6«jfbn] hgtf cNdnfpg] sfd gu/ . xf] ljb]zdf /x]sf g]kfnL >lds tyf uf]vf{ etL{ / cGo b]zsf >lds xf];\ jf etL{aLr c;dfg Jojxf/ x'g' ePg, ;dfg sfdsf] ;dfg kfl/>lds / clwsf/ kfpg'kg]{ ljifodf cfjfh p7fp xr'jfsf] e/df o:tf] lg0f{o gu/ .

hfF8n] lkm6\6' dlxnfn] aRrf dfl/g\

sf7df8f}+ . hfF8n] lkm6\6' ePsL dsjfgk'/ s'n]vfgL–* ;'sf}/fsL Ps dlxnfn] l5d]ssf b'O{ aflnsfdfly v'kf{ k|xf/ ubf{ Pshgfsf] d[To' ePsf] 5 .

k|fKt ;dfrf/cg';f/ z'qmaf/ ;fFem /S;L ;]jg u/L lkm6\6' ePsL #) jifL{of ;'lgtf :ofª\tfgn] l5d]sL jL/axfb'/ nfdfsf 5f]/Lx¿ !) jifL{of ;Demgf nfdf / & jifL{of sfG5L nfdfdfly v'kf{ k|xf/ u/]kl5 uDeL/ 3fOt] pgLx¿nfO{ tTsfn pkrf/sf nflu sf7df8f}+ Nofpg] qmddf ;Demgfsf] af6}df d[To' ePsf] 5 eg] csL{ sfG5Lsf] sf7df8f}+d} pkrf/ eO/x]sf] 5 . 36gfkl5 v'kf{ k|xf/ ug]{ :ofª\tfg km/f/ /x]sf] a'lemPsf] 5 .

nf]8;]l8ªlj?4 cfd x8\tfn

sf7df8f}+ . jiff{ofddf ;d]t nf]8;]l8ªsf] df/ v]Kg'k/]kl5 /fhlj/fhsf pkef]Qmfx¿ ljB't\ k|flws/0flj?4 cfGbf]ngdf plqPsf 5g\ .

pkef]Qmfx¿n] lxhf] /fhlj/fhsf ljleGg :yfgdf 6fo/ afn]/ ;jf/L;fwg cfjfudgdf cj?4 kf/]sf lyP . ^ dlxgfb]lv b}lgs $÷% 3G6f nf]8;]l8ª ub}{ cfPsf sf/0f To; If]qdf cfk/flws 36gf j[l4, Joj;fo / ljBfyL{sf] k7gkf7g rf}k6 ePsf] eGb} pgLx¿n] lj/f]wsf sfo{qmd 3f]if0ff u/]sf 5g\ . pgLx¿n] cfd x8\tfnnufotsf cfGbf]ngsf sfo{qmdsf] 3f]if0ff u/]sf 5g\ . pgLx¿n] k|flws/0fsf k|d'v nufotsf lhDd]jf/L axg ug{ g;s]sf sd{rf/LnfO{ cljnDa ;?jf / ;xh ¿kdf ljB't\ cfk"lt{sf] dfu u/]sf 5g\ .

dfcf]jfbL ;j{;Qf / clwgfosjfbL M sf+u|];

sf7df8f}+ . k|d'v k|ltkIfL bn g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] afx|f}+ dxflwj]zg cfufdL ebf} !% leq ug]{ lg0f{o lxhf] ;DkGg sf+u|]; s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] a}7sn] u/]sf] 5 .

emG8} b'O{ ;ftf;Dd rn]sf] sf+u|]; s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] a}7sdf kbflwsf/Lx¿aLr dxflwj]zgsf] ldlt tf]Sg] ljifodf tLj| dtleGgtf x'Fbfx'Fb} cfufdL ebf} dWo;Dd dxflwj]zg ug]{ ;xdlt ePsf] xf] . sf+u|];sf cg';f/ dxflwj]zg cufl8 lqmofzLn ;b:otf ljt/0fdf pTkGg ljjfbnfO{ ;dfwfg ug]{ atfOPsf] 5 . sf+u|];n] oxL ebf} d;fGtleq sfo{;Dkfbg ;ldlt u7g ug]{;d]t tof/L ePsf] 5 . s]Gb|Lo ;ldlt hDaf] 6f]nL ePsf sf/0f r':t / b'?:t /fVgsf lglDt ljwfgtM @& ;b:oLo sfo{;Dkfbg ;ldlt u7g ug{] atfOPsf] 5 . To;afx]s ljleGg ljifout & j6f ;ldlt u7g ug]{;d]t a'lemPsf] 5 .

o;}aLr, sf+u|];n] dfcf]jfbLdf ;j{;QfjfbL lrGtg xfjL ePsf] 7x/ klg u/]sf] 5 . !@ a'Fb] ;Demf}tfkl5 u0ftGq :yfkgf;Dd ;xsfo{ u/]sf] sf+u|];nfO{ dfcf]jfbLn] k|wfg;q'sf] b[li6sf]0fn] x]g]{ dfcf]jfbL lrGtg ;j{;QfjfbL ePsf] lgisif{ s]Gb|Lo ;ldltn] lgsfn]sf] xf] . ;+ljwfg;efdf /xFbf ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f / zflGt k|lqmofdf ;a};Fu ;xsfo{ ug]{ lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 eg] Joj:yflksf ;+;b\af6 ;j{;QfjfbL lrGtg, ljlwsf] zf;glj?4sf ultljlw, hgtfsf] ;jf]{Rrtf / df}lns xsdflysf] cfFrlj?4 ;'b[9 / ;zQm k|ltkIfLsf] e"ldsf lgjf{x ug]{ lg0f{o;d]t sf+u|];n] u/]sf] 5 . hgtfaLrdf uP/ ;+3if{ ug]{ tof/L ul//x]sf] sf+u|];n] ;/sf/L ultljlwdflysf] lgu/fgL / zflGt k|lqmofsf] cg'udg ug{ Ps ;ldlt;d]t u7g ug]{ hgfOPsf] 5 . To:t} ;+ljwfg;efdf kf6L{sf] e"ldsfsf af/]df 5nkmn ug{ sf+u|];n] cfh lbpF;f] ;+;bLo bnsf] a}7s;d]t af]nfPsf] 5 .

nf]8;]l8ªdf b'nxL ;fl6Pkl5===

sf7df8f}+ . nf]8;]l8ªn] dfG5]nfO{ slt ;f:tL lbG5 eGg] s'/f xfn} ef/tdf ePsf] 36gfn] k|dfl0ft u/]sf] 5 . ef/tsf] tfldngf8'df ePsf] Ps ;fd"lxs ljjfx sfo{qmddf b'O{ b'nxfn] d+un;'q nufO{ lbg]a]nfdf nf]8;]l8ª x'Fbf cfkm\gL b'nxLnfO{ geP/ pgLx¿sf ;fyLnfO{ d+un;"q nufPsf 5g\ .

Ph]G;Lsf cg';f/ tfldngf8'sf] k]l/ofs'ndsf] ;'j|dflg:jfdL dlGb/ kl/;/df a'waf/ ;fd"lxs ljjfx ePsf] lyof] . h;df $) hf]8Ln] efu lnPsf lyP . To;qmddf ha d+un;"q nufOg] a]nf eof] ta em\ofKk aQL lgEof] .

#* b'nfxfn] t cfkm\g} b'nxLnfO{ d+un;"q nufP t/ lj/fofdL / afnfd'?ufg gfd u/]sf b'O{ b'nxfn] eg] cfkm\gL b'nxLnfO{ geP/ b'nxLsf] 5]pdf /x]sL ;fyLsf] unfdf d+un;"q nufOlbPsf lyP . ;f] 36gfkl5 lax]df pkl:yt h]i7 ;b:ox¿n] e"n;'wf/ ePsf] eGb} tL s]6Lx¿sf unfaf6 d+un;"q lgsfNg nufO{ km]l/ ;SsnL b'nxLnfO{ d+un;"q nufpg nufPsf lyP .

…tL; sf6]sf ljBfyL{ g]tf x'GgÚ

sf7df8f}+ . ;Qf?9 36s g]skf Pdfn]sf] hf/L s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] a}7sdf e|ft[ ;+u7g cg]/f:jljo'sf ljifodf Jofks 5nkmn ePsf] atfOPsf] 5 .

a}7sdf cg]/f:jljo'sf] g]t[Tjsf] If]qflwsf/ tf]Sg]b]lv ;+u7gdfly g]t[Tjsf] x:tIf]k x'g gx'g]nufotsf ljifodf 5nkmndf ePsf] a'lemPsf] 5 . k|fKt hfgsf/Lcg';f/ cfufdL c;f]h $ ut] kf]v/fdf x'g] cg]/f:jljo'sf] dxflwj]zgdf g]t[Tj s;n] lng] eGg] xf]8afhLsf ;fy} ljjfb;d]t pTkGg eO/x]sf a]nf kf6L{ s]Gb|Lo sld6Ldf ;f] 5nkmn ePsf] xf] . ;|f]tsf cg';f/ ljZjljBfnodf cWoog/t ljBfyL{dfq} ;+ul7t x'g'kg]{, ljBfyL{ ;+u7gdf pd]/sf] ;Ldf tf]lsg'kg]{nufotsf cGo qmfO6]l/ofsf ljifodf 5nkmn ePsf] a'lemPsf] 5 .

oBlk qmfO6]l/of to eg] cem} eO;s]sf] 5}g . #) jif{eGbf dflysf g]tfnfO{ ljBfyL{sf] g]t[Tj lbg gx'g]df dt}Sotf /x]sf] a'lemPsf] 5 .

af9LkLl8taf6 dg]{sf] ;+Vof !* k'Uof]

sf7df8f}+ . sf]zLsf] af9Laf6 lj:yflkt eO{ lzlj/df a:b} cfPsfx¿ emf8fkvfnf, lgdf]lgof  u|l;t eO{ d[To' x'g]x¿sf] ;+Vof a9\bf] 5 . o;}aLr lxhf] ck/fGx emf8fkvfnfaf6 lj/fdL ePsf b'O{ afnssf] d[To' ePsf] 5 . o; 36gfkl5 af9L kLl8tdWo] d[To' x'g]sf] ;+Vof !* k'u]sf] 5 .

lj:yflkt ePsf ef/tLo d'nsf * jifL{o d's]z /fd / $ jifL{o dxdb vfgsf] lxhf] d[To' ePsf] 5 . o;/L sf]zL lj:yflkt lzlj/df pkrf/;Fu} Jojl:yt a;fO{ ;/;kmfO / z'4 vfg]kfgLsf] Joj:yf geP dxfdf/L km}ng ;Sg] b]lvPsf] 5 .

o;}aLr lzlj/df /x]sf dlxnfx? ue{jtL / ;'Ts]/L x'g] qmd al9/x]sf] 5 .

;'g;/Lsf] b'O{ bh{g lzlj/df cf7 aRrfsf cfdfb]lv h'DNofxf kfpg] cfdfx? /x]sf 5g\ eg] s]Gb|df >Lk'/, xl/k'/, klZrd s';fxfnufot 8'afg If]qdf a9L dlxnf ;'Ts]/L 5g\ . pgLx?nfO{ dlxnf P]Soa4tf ;ldltåf/f ;~rflnt ;'Ts]/L :ofxf/ s]Gb|df /flvPsf] 5 . s]Gb|df ef/tsf] af9Lu|:t ag]nLk§L 3/ ePsf rf/;lxt #) ;'Ts]/L dlxnfnfO{ Og?jf c:ktfndf /flvPsf] a'lemPsf] 5 .

l;gf] gkmfNg]dfly s'6lk6

sf7df8f}+ . Ps dlxgfb]lv ;fdflhs alx:sf/df k/]sf wg'iffsf] nIdLk'/ au]jfsf blnt ;d'bfon] k|x/Ldf hfx]/L lbPkl5 u}/blntn] pgLx¿dfly s'6lk6 u/]sf 5g\ .

Ps dlxgfcl3 :yfgLo ljGb]Zj/ ofbjsf] 3/df /x]sf] uf]? d/]kl5 l;gf] kmfNg rdf/ hfltnfO{ eGbf gdfg]sf] eGb} ofbj ;d"bfon] rdf/sf rf/ 3/df ;fdflhs gfsfaGbL u/]sf lyP . pgLx¿nfO{ ;fdflhs, cfly{s x/]s sfddf k|ltaGw nufOPsf] / pgLx¿;Fu af]nrfn jf n]gb]g ug]{nfO{ kfFr xhf/ %! ?k}ofF hl/jfgf tf]lsof] . o;/L ;fj{hlgs kf]v/L, s'nf] gx/, k;n, ;8s, ljBfnonufotsf] pkof]u ug{ glbPkl5 rdf/ ;d"bfon] laxLaf/ lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{nodf lnlvt hfx]/L lbPsf lyP . To; nuQ} ofbj ;d'bfon] rdf/ ;d'bfodfly cfqmd0f u/]sf lyP . pgLx¿sf] cfqmd0faf6 Ps j[4 uDeL/ 3fOt] ePsf 5g\ . 3fOt] x'g] ^% jifL{o d/gLb]jL dx/f x'g\ pgsf] clxn] hgsk'/ c~rn c:ktfndf pkrf/ eO/x]sf] 5 .

cfwfbh{g ;lrj km]l/P d'Vo ;lrj km]g]{ tof/L

sf7df8f}+ . dlGqkl/ifb\sf] lxhf] a;]sf] a}7sn] ^ hgf ;lrjsf] sfo{ x]/km]/ u/]sf] 5 .

k|fKt ;dfrf/cg';f/ dlGqkl/ifb\n] ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnosf ;lrj uf]ljGb s';'dnfO{ u[xdf, u[xsf pd]z d}gfnL / sfg'g dGqfnosf ;lrj 8f= s'n/Tg e't]{nnfO{ k|wfgdGqL tyf dlGqkl/ifb\sf] sfof{nodf ;?jf u/]sf] 5 eg] dlGqkl/ifb\ sfof{nosf ;b:o ;lrjåo bLk]Gb| yfkfnfO{ ;fdfGo k|zf;gdf / dfwj kf}8]nnfO{ sfg'gdf ;?jf u/]sf] 5 .

To:t}, hg;]gf lzlj/ Joj:yfkg sfof{nosf ;lrj cljg]Gb|s'df/ >]i7nfO{ ;f+:s[lt tyf /fHo k'g;{+/rgf dGqfnodf k7fPsf] 5 . ;/sf/n] k|zf;lgs If]qdf Jofks x]/km]/ ug{ ;Sg] rrf{ rln/x]sf a]nf cfwf bh{g ;lrjx¿sf] lhDd]jf/L x]/km]/ ePsf] 5 .

;|f]tsf cg';f/ jt{dfg ;/sf/n] d'Vo ;lrj 8f= ef]h/fh l3ld/]nfO{ ;d]t x6fpg] tof/L ul//x]sf] a'lemPsf] 5 . pQm kbdf lxhf]dfq ;?jf ul/Psf] s'n/Tg e't]{nnfO{ a9'jf ug]{ ;Defjgf /x]sf] 5 . d'Vo ;lrjaf6 l3ld/]nfO{ x6fO{ /fi6«klt sfof{nodf d'Vo ;lrj;/xsf] kb l;h{gf u/L :yfgfGt/0f ug]{ tof/L eO/x]sf] a'lemPsf] 5 .

tTsfnLg nf]stflGqs ;/sf/n] zfxL d'Vo;lrj nf]sdfgl;+x sfsL{nfO{ of]hgf cfof]usf] sfof{nodf d'Vo ;lrj;/xsf] kb l;h{gf u/L :yfgfGt/0f ul/Psf] lyof] . clxn] u0ftflGqs ;/sf/n] ;f]xL ;"q ckgfO{ l3ld/]nfO{ /fi6«kltsf] sfof{nodf k7fpg] rrf{ rn]sf] 5 . jl/i7tfsf qmddf cGo ;lrj x'Fbfx'Fb} e't]{nnfO{ dfcf]jfbL bafadf d'Vo ;lrj agfpg] tof/L ePsf] ;|f]tsf] bfaL 5 .

cfunfuLaf6 tLg 3/ gi6

sf7df8f}+ . nfdv'§] wkfpg aflnPsf] w'k ;lNsP/ uP/flt l;/xfdf cfunfuL ePsf] 5 .

/flt !) ah]sf] ;dodf lhNnfsf] s8l/ofsf Ps :yfgLojf;Ln] nfdv'§] eufpg 3/df w'k afn]sf lyP . ToxL w'k ;lNsP/ cfunfuL x'Fbf tLg 3/ hn]/ gi6 ePsf 5g\ . cfunfuLaf6 % nfv a/fa/sf] Iflt ePsf] a'lemPsf] 5 .

1fgf]bo dfljnfO{ *@, nfv bfg

sf7df8f}+ . ljBfnosf] ef}lts Pj+ z}lIfs ljsf;sf lglDt /fhwfgLsf] sflndf6L afkmnl:yt 1fgf]bo dfWolds ljBfnodf ;~rflnt >Ldb\efujt ;Ktfx 1fg dxfo1df ljBfnonfO{ bfg lbg]x¿sf] 3'OFrf] g} nfUg yfn]sf] 5 .

k|fKt hfgsf/Lcg';f/ o1 k|f/De ePsf] kfFrf}+;Dd *@ nfv ?k}ofF bfg ;+sng ePsf] tyf zlgaf/ dfq} ;jf{lws  @% nfv ?k}ofF bfg k|fKt ePsf] cfof]hsn] atfPsf 5g\ . xfn;Dd ;jf{lws % nfv %% xhf/ @ ;o %% ?k}ofF @@ k};f bfg ug]{ bftfn] uf]Kobfg u/]sf] pNn]v ub}{ ef]ln;Dd ;~rfng x'g] dxfo1df nIocg'?ksf] bfg ;+sng x'g] cfof]hsn] hgtfsf 5g\ .

;/sf/L :s'n eOsg klg lghL ljBfno;Fu k|lt:kwf{Tds u'0f:t/Lo lzIff k|bfg ub}{ cfPsf] pQm ljBfnon] dxfo1af6 ;+slnt /sdaf6 hL0f{ aGb} uPsf] ljBfno ejg k'glg{df{0f ug'{sf ;fy} ljBfnosf] z}lIfs ljsf;;d]t ug]{ atfOPsf] 5 .

dw]z cfGbf]ngsf n]vfhf]vf

s[i0fxl/ k'is/

g]kfnsf] Oltxf;df ePsf w]/} cfGbf]ngx? dWo] dw]z cfGbf]ngsf] cfˆgf] 5'§} klxrfg / dxTj 5 . of] cfGbf]ng @)^# ;fnb]lv g]kfndf /fhg}lts ;'gfdLsf] ?kdf k|j]z u/]sf] lyof] h'g cem} ;qmLo g} kfO{G5 . x'gtM of] dw]z cfGbf]ngsf a'emfO{, ljZn]if0f / dxTj jf/] w]/} ljjfbf:kb …e;{gÚx? 5g\ . vf; u/]/ o;sf] yf?, dw]zL / kxf8L …e;{gÚx? k|d'v x'g\ . t/ s6' ;To s] xf] eg] of] lje]b lj?4 clwsf/ k|flKtsf] cfGbf]ngsf] ?kdf 5 . h'g ;Fo'Qm /fi6«;+3Lo dfgjclwsf/ ;DjGwL ljZjJofkL 3f]if0ffkq !($* sf] cg'?k g} b]lvG5 . dw]zL hgtfx?sf] cfGbf]ngn] w]/} dw]zL of]4fx?sf] alnbfg lnof], eg] Jofks wg–hgsf] Iflt ;d]t Joxf]g'{ k¥of] . csf]{lt/ g]kfnsf] Oltxf;d} klxNnf]kN6 u0ftflGqs g]kfnsf] k|yd /fi6«klt tyf pk/fi6«klth:tf] pRr ul/dfdo kbx?df ;d]t dw]zLnfO{ cfl;g u/fpg ;kmn eof] . dw]z cfGbf]ngsf] n]vfhf]vf ug{ Psbd} sl7g sfo{ ePklg of] n]vdf ;+lIfKt 5nkmn k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .

dw]z cfGbf]ngsf ;kmntfx?

· dw]z / dw]zLsf] ljzfn cl:tTj / pkl:ylt ;Ddfghgs ?kdf :jLsfo{ ug{ ;Dk"0f{ g]kfnL / cGt/f{li6«o hutnfO{ ;d]t jfWo kf/]sf] .

· cfd dw]zLx?sf] /fhg}lts r]tgfdf cTolws j[l4 u/fPsf] .

· ;Dk"0f{ dw]zLnufot cGo lk5l8Psf hft–hftLx?sf] nflu ;sf/fTds lje]bsf] gLlt sfof{Gjog ug{ ;/sf/nfO{ jfWo kf/]sf] .

· ;Dk"0f{ dw]zLx?nfO{ dw]zlxtsf] d'2fdf s]xL xb;Dd ePklg Pstfsf] ;"qdf afFWg ;kmn ePsf] .

· ;dfg'kflts lgjf{rg k|0ffnLsf] Aoj:yf / ;+ljwfg ;efsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu lgjf{rg If]q k'g;{+/rgf u/fpg ;kmn ePsf] .

· g]kfnnfO{ ;+3Lo /fHosf] ;+j}wflgs Joj:yf u/fpg ;kmn ePsf] .

· u0ftGq g]kfnsf] k|yd /fi6«klt–pk/fi6«klt kbdf dw]zLnfO{ lgjf{lrt jgfpg ;kmn ePsf] .

· dw]zsf] /fhg}lts kl/j]zdf dw]zL ;d'bfo / dw]z km|]G8nL /fhg}lts bn / To;sf k|ltlglwx?nfO{ dw]zsf] g]t[Tj lng :yflkt u/fPsf] .

· w]/} xb;Dd gful/stfsf] ;d:of ;dfwfg u/fPsf] .

· ;dfj]zLs/0fsf] l;4fGtx? Jojxf/tM pkof]u ug{ ;/sf/nfO{ jfWo kf/]sf] .

· Dfw]zLnfO{ zlQm jfF8kmfF8 / zf;g Joj:yfsf] Ps z;Qm ;fem]bf/sf] ?kdf :yflkt u/fPsf] .

· dw]zLx?k|lt eO/x]sf] ljleGg dfgl;s tyf ef}lts lje]bx? qmdzM lgoGq0f / Go"gLs/0f ug{ jfWofTds cj:yf ;[hgf u/fPsf] .

· dw]zLx?sf nflu ljleGg cj;/x?sf] ;[hgf u/fPsf] .

dw]z cfGbf]ngsf c;kmntfx?

· t'ngfTds ?kdf yf]/} pknlAw k|flKtsf] nflu w]/} wghgsf] Iflt Joxf]g{' k/]sf] .

· Ps dw]z Ps k|b]z, x/]s c+udf ;dfg'kflts k|ltlglwTjh:tf s'/fx? xfn;Dd k|fKt ug{ g;s]sf] .

· Dfw]zdf ;fdflhs ;befj / ;lxi0f'tf vnjnfPsf] .

· dw]zL / u}/dw]zL aLrsf] dgd'6fj / b"/L j9fPsf] .

· dw]z cfGbf]ngsf] cf8df w]/} ;z:q ;d"xsf] hGd tyf 5fkfdf/ lqmofsnfkx?df Jofks j[l4 u/fPsf] .

· dw]z / dw]zLsf] kl/ro jf kl/efiff ;+j}wflgs jf sfg"gL ?kdf :yflkt u/fpg g;s]sf] .

· gful/stfsf] ;Df:of–;fdfwfg ug]{ qmddf u}/g]kfnL tyf u}/dw]zL ;d'bfon] u}/sfg"gL ?kdf nfe p7fPsf] .

· dw]zdf zflGt–;'/Iffsf] l:ylt ;f¥x} bogLo agfPsf] .

· ck/flws tyf s§/kGyL ;d"xn] dw]z cfGbf]ngsf/Lsf] vf]n cf]9]/ cjfl~5t / ck/flws lqmofsnfksf] 36\gfx?df j[l4 u/fPsf] .

· dw]z cfGbf]ngn] /fi6«Joflk?kdf hft–eft–e]usf] ck|fs[lts cfGbf]ngnfO{ yk d;nf k'¥ofPsf] .

dw]z cfGbf]ngsf c;kmntfsf sf/0fx?

· dw]zLsf] kl/efiff / klxrfg sfg"g / j}w ?kdf :ki6 gx'g' .

· dw]z cfGbf]ngsf] dfuk|lt :jo+ dw]zsf jfl;Gbf–;d'bfo tyf /fhgLlt¡fx?aLr Jofks dtleGgtf x'g' .

· dw]z cfGbf]ngsf] b[li6sf]0f / sfo{lglt q'l6k"0f{ x'g' .

· Ps dw]z Ps k|b]zh:tf sl7g tyf c:jfefljs dfux? ljgf /0fgLlt cufl8 ;fg'{ .

· dw]z cfGbf]ngsf] g]t[Tj / Joj:yfkg k|efjsf/L / bIftfk"j{s x'g g;Sg' .

· dw]zL g]tfx?aLrsf] cfk;L å]if, dtleGgtf / JolQmjfbL rl/q dw]z cfGbf]ngsf] cj/f]wsf] ?kdf ;lqmo x'g' .

· dw]z cfGbf]ngdf yf?nufotsf hghflt, cflbjf;L tyf lk5l8Psf ju{x?sf] k|efjsf/L ?kdf d"n k|jfxLs/0f x'g g;Sg' .

· dw]zdf hft–hflt, 5'jf5't, ul/j–wgL OToflbsf] aLrdf Jofks vf8n x'g' . tyfsflyt pkNnf] ju{sf] dw]zL / TfNnf] ju{sf] dw]zLx?sf] cfjZostf, j'emfO{, dfu, dfGotf OToflb km/s km/s ?kdf cf–cfkmg} :jfy{jf6 u|l;t x'g' .

· dw]z cfGbf]ngnfO{ /fHo, ;+rf/ hut, cGt/f{li6«o lgsfo tyf cGo /fhg}lts kf6L{ tyf g]tfx?af6 pk]Iff x'g' .

· dw]zL clwsf/sf] nflu nl8/x]sf] ;z:q tyf lg;:q ;d"xx?aLr Jofks b"/L j9\g'' .

· ;–;fgf /fhg}lts, u}/–/fhg}lts 6'qm] kf6L{ tyf ;z:q ;d"xx?sf] ;+Vof w]/} x'g' .

· Dffcf]jfbL;Fusf] zflGt k|s[ofn] Dfw]z cfGbf]ngnfO{ cf]em]ndf kfg'{ .

· dw]z / dw]zLx?sf] d'2fsf] ;DjGwdf g]kfnsf] k|d'v /fhg}lts bnx? / dw]zjfbLbnx? aLr Jofks dtleGgtf, km/s–km/s j'emfO{ / ljZn]if0f ul/g' .

· dw]zL /fhg}lts bnx?df åGb Joj:yfks, ljz]if1 k||fljflws / bIf jftf{sf/x?sf] cefj x'g' .

dw]zjfbL bn tyf dw]zL g]tfx?n] t'?Gt ug'{kg]{ sfdx?

· ;Jf{k|yd sfg"gL ?kdf dw]z–dw]zLsf] kl/efiff, klxrfg / kl/ro :yflkt u/fpg hf]8bf/ ?kdf nfUg] .

· /fHosf k|To]s ;/sf/L tyf u}/;/sf/L c+ux?df ;Dej eP;Dd ;dfg'kflts ?kdf dw]zLsf] k|ltlglwTj x'g] ul/ :ki6 ;+j}wflgs Joj:yf u/fpg] . ;f] sf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjog, cg'udg / ;'kl/j]If0fsf] nflu dw]zjfbL bnx?sf] ;+;bLo /fhg}lts ;+oGq lgdf{0f ug]{ .

· dw]zjfbL bnx?;+u ljutsf ;/sf/x?;Fu eP u/]sf ;a} ;Demf}tf, ;xdltnfO{ cIf/;M sfof{Gjog ug{ u/fpg k|fljlwsx? / ;DjlGwt kIfx?sf] ;+nUgtfdf clwsf/ ;DkGg ;+oGq t'?Gt lgdf{0f ug]{ .

· g]kfndf æ;dfj]zLtf k/LIf0f (Audit)Æ sf] sfg"gL jf ;j}wflgs Joj:yf ug]{ .

· dw]zLx?sf] kL/dsf{ / u'gf;f] Joj:yfkgsf] nflu cf–cfkmgf] kf6L{ / sfof{nox?df ljz]if ;+oGqsf] Joj:yf ug]{ .

· dw]z / dw]zLsf] ljsf;sf] nflu >f]t–;fwg, lgdf{0f, /f]huf/, Jofkf/, Joj;fo, lzIff, :jf:Yo OToflb ;Dk"0f{ If]qdf s8fO{sf ;fy æ;dfg"kflts l;4fGtÆ sf] cjnDjg / jsfnt hf]8tf]8sf ;fy ug]{ .

· dfl;s ?kdf cf–cfkmgf lgjf{rg If]qdf uO{ slDtdf dlxgfsf] Ps k6s hg;d'bfo;Fu jftf{, e]63f6, 5nkmn / ;d:of lg?k0fsf] Joj:yf ldnfpg] .

· dw]z / dw]zLsf] xslxt / sNof0fsf] nflu ul/Psf] sfd sf/jfxL / k|ultx?sf] lgoldt ;dLIff / k|sfzg ug]{ .

pk/f]Qm ;+lIfKt k|:t'tLnfO{ x]bf{ dw]z cfGbf]ngsf] ;kmntf c;kmntf b'j} b]lvG5 . h'g ljZj / g]kfnsf] c? cfGbf]ng eGbf w]/} leGg / ljlzi6 klxrfg agfPsf] b]lvG5 . dw]z cfGbf]ngsf] qmddf dfl/Psf bh{gf} 1ft–c1ft zlxbx?, xhf/f}+ 3fOt] tyf cfGbf]ngsf] qmddf ePsf c/af}+sf ef}lts Ifltx?sf] d"No lglZrt ?kdf ljBdfg pknlJwsf] t'ngfdf cd"No Pj+ cd"{t 5 . tyflk, ePsf pknAwLx? Kflg lglZrt ?kdf dw]zLx?sf] nflu pkof]uL ;fljt ePsf] 5 t/, of] k|flKt k|of{Kt rflx+ kSs} xf]Og . ctM dw]z / dw]zLsf] xsclwsf/ k|flKtsf nflu ;j} ;r]t dw]zL ju{, dw]zsf nflu ;dlk{t ;j} kf6L{x?, dw]zL g]tfx? cfjZostfcg';f/ ;8s, ;+;b / ;/sf/df zflGtk"0f{ cfGbf]ng lg/Gt/ ?kdf hf/L ub}{ ;DjlGwt lgsfox?nfO{ vj/bf/Ldf /fVg'kg{] cfjZostf b]lvG5 .

-zflGt tyf 4G4 Aoj:yfkg ljifosf] cg';Gwfgstf{ ;d]t /x]sf n]vs g]kfn ;s/sf/sf] u[x dGqfno tyf lk; OG6/g]zgn gfds u}/– ;/sf/L ;+:yf;+u cfj4 5g\ .

kf]v/fdf ko{6ssf] rxnkxn

cS6f]a/, gf]e]Da/ / 8L;]Da/ dlxgf ljb]zL ko{6ssf nflu rxnkxn l;hg xf] . o; ;dodf kf]v/fdf dfq} geP/ b]zsf ljleGg efudf ko{6sn] cle?rLk"j{s e|d0f ug{] ub{5g\ . ko{6g ;"rgf s]Gb|sf cg';f/ ut;fnsf] t'ngfdf o; jif{ ko{6s cfpg] qmd lgs} a9]sf] 5 eg] ;f]xL cg';f/ xf]6n a's eO/x]sf 5g\ .

kf]v/fsf] n]s;fO6l:yt a'd/fª /]i6'/]G6df g]kfnL vfgfsf] :jfb;Fu} gjHof]lt sNr/ u"|kåf/f k|blz{t ;f+u]lts sfo{qmddf /dfpFb} cd]l/sL tyf Oh/fonL gful/sx? .

 ;fO6 lelh6 ug{'ePsf]df wGojfb !